[1]
Simone I.L., Carrara D., Tortorella C. et al.: Course and prognosis in earlyonset
SM: comparison with adult-onset forSM. Neurology 2002;59:
1922-1928.
[2]
Mikaeloff Y., Caridade G., Assi S. et al.: Prognostic factors for early
severity in a childhood multiple sclerosis cohort. Pediatrics 2006;118:
1133-1139.
[3]
Confavreux C., Compston D.A., Hommes O.R. et al.: EDMUS, a European
database for multiple sclerosis J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1992;55:
671-676.
[4]
Mikaeloff Y., Suissa S., Valee L. et al.: First episode of acute CNS inflammatory
demyelination in childhood: prognostic factors for multiple sclerosis and
disability. KIDMUS Study Group. J Pediatr 2004;144: 246-252.
[5]
First Large review of Childhood-Onset SM. American Academy of
Neurology. 2007;7: 14.
[6]
Boiko A., Vorobeychik G., Paty D. et al.: Early onset multiple sclerosis: a
longitudinal study. Neurology 2002;59: 1006-1010.
[7]
Tardieu M., Mikaeloff Y.: Multiple sclerosis in children. Int SM J 2004;11:
36-42.
[8]
Ruggieri M., Polizzi A., Pavone L. et al.: Multiple sclerosis in children
under 6 year of age. Neurology 1999;53: 478-484.
[9]
Ghezzi A., Pozzilli C., Liguori M. et al.: Prospective study of multiple
sclerosis with early onset. Mult Scler 2002;8: 115-118.
[10]
Ness J.M., Chabas D., Sadovnick A.D. et al. International Pediatric SM
Study Group. Clinical features of children and adolescents with multiple
sclerosis. Neurology 2007; 68 (16 Suppl 2): S37-45.
[11]
Banwell B., Shroff M., Ness J.M. et al.: MRI features of pediatric multiple
sclerosis. Neurology 2007;68(16 Suppl 2): S46-S53.
[12]
Renoux C., Vukusic S., Mikaeloff Y. et al.: Natural history of multiple
sclerosis with childhood onset. N Engl J Med 2007;356: 2603-2613.
[13]
Tenembaum S.N.: Disseminated encephalomyelitis in children. Clin
Neurol Neurosurg 2008;110: 928-938.
[14]
Wilejto M., Shroff M., Buncic J.R. et al.: The clinical features, MRI
findings, and outcome of optic neuritis in children. Neurology 20006;67:
258-262.
[15]
Defresne P., Hollenberg H., Husson B., et al.: Acute transverse myelitis in
children: clinical course and prognostic factors. J Child Neurol 2003;18:
401-406.
[16]
Wingerchuk D.M., Weinschenker B.G. Neuromyelitis optima: clinical
presentation of a relapsing course and survival. Neurology 2003;60:
848-853.
[17]
Duquette P., Murray T.J., Pleines J. et al.: Multiple sclerosis in childhood:
clinical profile in 125 patients. J Pediatr 1987;111: 359-363.
[18]
Zelnik N., Gale A.D., Shelburne S.A.: Multiple sclerosis in black children.
J Child Neurol 1991;6: 53-57.
[19]
Banwell B.L.: Pediatric multiple sclerosis. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep
2004;4: 245-252.
[20]
Cole G.F., Stuart C.A.: A long perspective on childhood multiple sclerosis.
Dev Med Child Neurol 1995;37: 661-66.
[21]
Beck R.W., Trobe J.D., Moke P.S. et al.: High-and low risk profiles for
the development of multiple sclerosis within 10 years after optic
neuritis: experience of the optic neuritis treatment trial. Arch Ophthalmol
2003;121: 944-949.
[22]
Lana-Peixoto M.A., Andrade G.C.: The clinical profile of childhood optic
neuritis. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2001;59: 311-317.
[23]
Mikaeloff Y., Suissa S., Valee L. et al.: First episode of acute CNS
inflammatory demyelination in childhood: prognostic factors for multiple
sclerosis and disability. J Pediatr 2004;144: 246-252.
[24]
Confavrex C., Vukusic A., Adeleine P.: Early clinical predictors and
progression of irreversible disability in multiple sclerosis: an amnesic
process. Brain 2003;126: 770-782.
[25]
Pinhas-Hamiel O., Sarova-Pinhas I., Achiron A.: Multiple sclerosis in
childhood and adolescence: clinical features and management. Pediatr
Drugs 2001;3: 329-336.
[26]
Ruggieri M., Iannetti P., Polizzi A. et al.: Multiple sclerosis in children
under 10 years of age. Neurol Sci 2004;25 (suppl 4): S326-S335.
[27]
Trojano M., Ligurio M., Bosco Z.G. et al.: Age-related disability in multiple
sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2002;51: 475-480.
[28]
Paty D., Studney D., Redekop K. et al.: SM COSTAR: a computerized
patient record adapter for clinical research purposes. Ann Neurol
1994;36 (suppl): S134-S135.
[29]
Ghezzi A., Deptano V., Faroni J. et al.: Multiple sclerosis In childhood:
clinical features of 149 cases. Mult Scler 1997;3: 43-46.
[30]
Confavreux C., Vukusic S.: Natural history of multiple sclerosis; a unifying
concept. Brain 2006;129: 606-616.
[31]
McDonald W.I., Compston A., Edan G. et al.: Recommended diagnostic
criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines from the International Panel on
the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2001;50: 121-127.
[32]
Hahn C.D., Shroff M.M., Blaser S. et al.: MRI criteria for multiple sclerosis:
evaluation in a pediatric cohort. Neurology 2004;62: 806-808.
[33]
Callen D.J., Shroff M.M., Branson H.M. et al.: MRI in the diagnosis of
pediatric multiple sclerosis. Neurology 2009;72: 961-967.
[34]
Balassy C., Bernert G., Wober-Bingol C. et al.: Long-term MRI
observations of childhood-onset relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.
Neuropediatrics 2001;32: 28-37.
[35]
Pohl D., Rostasy K., Reiber H. et al.: CSF characteristics in early onset
multiple sclerosis. Neurology 2004;63: 1966-1967.
[36]
Pohl D., Rostasy K., Treiber-Held S. et al.: Pediatric multiple sclerosis:
detection of clinically silent lesions by multimodal evoked potentials. J
Pediatr 2006;149:125-127.
[37]
Thomas T., Banwell B.: Seminars in neurology 2008;28: 69-83.
[38]
Krupp L.B., Banwell B., Tenenbaum S.: International Pediatric SM Study
Group. Consensus definitions proposed for pediatric multiple sclerosis.
Neurology 2007;68 (16Suppl 2): S7-S12.
[39]
Tenembaum S., Chamoles N., Fejerman N.: Acute disseminated
encephalomyelitis; a long-term follow-up study of 84 pediatric patients.
Neurology 2002;59: 1224-1231.
[40]
Jones C.T.: Childhood autoimmune neurologic diseases of the central
nervous system. Neurol Clin 2003;21: 745-764.
[41]
Yu H.H., Lee J.H., Wang L.C. et al.: Neuropsychiatric manifestations
in pediatric Systemic lupus erythematosus: a 20-year study. Lupus
2006;15: 651-657.
[42]
Benseler S.M., Silverman E., Aviv R.I. et al.: Primary central nervous
system vasculitis in children. Arthritis Rheum 2006;54: 1291-1297.
[43]
Murphy J.M., Gomez-Anson B., Gillard J.H. et al.: Wegener
granulomatosis: MR imaging findings in brain and meninges. Radiology
1999;213: 794-799.
[44]
Hatachi S., Nakazawa T., Morinobu A. et al.: A pediatric patient with
neuro-Behçet’s disease. Mod Rheumatol. 2006;16: 321-323.
[45]
Pawate S., Agarwal A., Moses H. et al.: The spectrum of Susac’s
syndrome. Neurol Sci 2009;30: 59-64.
[46]
Read R.W., Rao N.A., Cunningham E.T.: Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease.
Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2000;11: 437-442.
[47]
Lamy C., Oppenheim C., Meder J.F. et al.: Neuroimaging in posterior
reversible encephalopathy syndrome. J Neuroimaging 2004;14: 89-96.
[48]
Kumar R., Singh S.N., Kohli N.: A diagnostic rule for tubercullous
meningitis. Arch Dis Child 1999;81: 221-224.
[49]
Morgało C., Ruino N.: Imaging meningo-encephalitis tuberculosis. Eur J
Radiol 2005;55: 188-192.
[50]
Garcia-Suarez J., de Migiel D., Krsnik I. et al.: Changes in the natural
history of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in HIV-negative
lymphoproliferative disorders: impact of novel therapies. Am J Hematol
2005;80: 271-281.
[51]
Valanne L., Ketonem L., Majander A. et al.: Neuroradiologic findings in
children with mitochondrial disorders. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1998;19:
369-377.
[52]
Desmond D.W., Moroney J.T., Lynch T. et al.: The natural history of
CADASIL: a pooled analysis of previously published cases. Stroke.
1999;30: 1230-1233.
[53]
Morre D.F., Kaneski C.R., Askari H. et al.: The cerebral vasculopathy of
Fabry disease J Neurol Sci. 2007;257: 258-263.
[54]
Swartz R.H., Kern R.Z.: Migraine is associated with magnetic resonance
imaging white matter abnormalities: a meta-analysis. Arch Neurol
2004;61: 1366-1368.
[55]
Pohl D., Waubant E., Banwell B. et al.: Treatment of pediatric multiple
sclerosis and variants. Neurology 2007;68(16 suppl.2): S54-S65.
[56]
Hahn J.S., Siegler D.J., Enzmann D.: Intravenous gammaglobulin therapy
in recurrent acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Neurology 1996;46:
1173-1174.
[57]
Banwell B., Ghezzi A., Mikaellof Y. et al.: Multiple sclerosis in children:
clinical diagnosis, therapeutic strategies, and future direction. Lancet
Neurol 2007;6: 887-902.
[58]
Kappos L., Traboulsee A., Constantinescu C. et al.: Long-term
subcutaneous interferon beta-1a therapy In patients with relapsingremitting
SM. Neurology 2006;67: 944-953.
[59]
Banwell B., Reder A.T., Krupp L. et al.: Safety and tolerability of interferonbeta-
1b in pediatric multiple sclerosis. Neurology 2006;66: 472-476.
[60]
Pohl D., Rostasy K., Gärtner J. et al.: Treatment of early onset multiple
sclerosis with subcutaneous interferon beta-1a. Neurology 2005;64:
778-779.
[61]
Ghezzi A., Amato M.P., Capobianko M. et al.: Disease-modifying drugs
in childhood-juvenile multiple sclerosis: results o fan Italia co-operative
study. Mult Scler 2005;11: 420-424.
[62]
Kornek B., Bernert G., Balassy C. et al.: Glatiramer acetate treatment
in patients withchildhood and juvenile onset multiple sclerosis.
Neuropediatrics 2003;34:120-126.
[63]
Tenembaum S.N., Segura M.J.: Interferon beta-1a treatment in childhood
and juvenile-onset multiple sclerosis. Neurology 2006;67: 511-513.
Scholar Google
PubMed